Juniper Publishers Journal of Reproductive Medicine

Global Journal of Reproductive Medicine    Juniper Publishers Authored by: Mitiku Getachew Kumara* Background Introduction Obstetric needs are health problems that necessitate EmOC services or interventions. The sum of incidence of pathologies (obstetric emergencies and complications) is taken as an indicator of obstetric need. During the 1990s the international community has made a major effort to better document the magnitude of maternal health problems, and particularly maternal mortality. To measure the extent of this staggering human tragedy, and the failure of many health systems to meet the most basic needs for health care of the women in their constituencies, widespread use was made of maternal mortality ratios (MMR). Although this was pivotal in mobilizing policy makers it was clearly not enough to understand what works, what works not and what should be done. The ‘First Safe Motherhood Decade’ also saw a number of initiatives that tried to go beyond do...

Global Journal of Reproductive Medicine    Juniper Publishers Authored by:  Ismael Kalayu* Introduction Unmet need for family planning refers to fecund women who either wish to postpone the next birth (spacers) or wish to stop childbearing (limiters) but are not using a contraceptive method [1,2]. Worldwide; over 222 million women have unmet need for contraception [3] and around 137 million women in the developing world who would like to avoid childbearing are unable to do so; despite a huge increase in contraceptive access and use globally [4]. Many women in low and middle-income countries would like to limit or delay getting pregnant; but do not have access to consistent use of modern contraceptive methods [5,6]. Unintended pregnancy related to unmet need is a worldwide problem that affects women and their families and societies at large [7]. And it is a serious public health issue both in developed and developing countries [8]. The high level of unmet ne...

Global Journal of Reproductive Medicine    Juniper Publishers Authored by:  Graham F Watts* Introduction Duval County, (a.k.a., Duval), is a region of national significance. It is in the southern region of the United States. The South has 16 states and one territory: a) Alabama, b) Arkansas, c) Delaware, d) District of Columbia, e) Florida, f) Georgia, g) Kentucky, h) Louisiana, i) Maryland, j) Mississippi, k) North Carolina, l) Oklahoma, m) South Carolina, n) Tennessee, o) Texas, p) Virginia, and q) West Virginia. Duval is also home of Jacksonville, an 840 square miles city by land mass—the largest city in the contiguous United States [1]. The Global Positioning System coordinates that define the latitude and longitude of Jacksonville, FL, USA are 30° 19’ 55.8624’’ North and 81° 39’ 20.3292’’ West. It is situated near St. Johns River and is an important tourist attraction for all kinds of travelers [2].” In addition to t...